Contents Preface Unit 1 Stativeness and Dynamicity 1 1. Discussion 1 2. Introduction 1 3. Stativeness and dynamicity in the two languages 1 3.1 Stativeness and dynamicity with different parts of speech 2 3.2 Stativeness and dynamicity in the translation from English to Chinese 8 3.3 Stativeness and dynamicity in the translation from Chinese to English 13 3.4 Reflection 18 4. Extensive analysis 18 4.1 Reading 18 4.2 Discussion 19 Unit 2 Overtness and Covertness 21 1. Discussion 21 2. Introduction 21 3. Overtness and covertness in the two languages 22 3.1 Overtness and covertness with grammar 22 3.2 Overtness and covertness with semantics 23 3.3 Overtness and covertness in the translation from Chinese to English 29 3.4 Overtness and covertness in the translation from English to Chinese 33 3.5 Reflection 40 4. Extensive analysis 41 4.1 Reading 41 4.2 Discussion 42 Unit 3 Rigidity and Flexibility 45 1. Discussion 45 2. Introduction 45 3. Rigidity and flexibility in the two languages 46 3.1 The “rigid” English 46 3.2 The “flexible” Chinese 49 3.3 Rigidity and flexibility in the translation from Chinese to English 53 3.4 Rigidity and flexibility in the translation from English to Chinese 60 3.5 Reflection 68 4. Extensive analysis 69 4.1 Reading 69 4.2 Discussion 72 Unit 4 Subjectivity and Objectivity 73 1. Discussion 73 2. Introduction 73 3. Subjectivity and objectivity in the two languages 74 3.1 Animate subjects vs. inanimate subjects 74 3.2 Active voice vs. passive voice 78 3.3 Subjectivity and objectivity with subjects 83 3.4 Subjectivity and objectivity with voice 89 3.5 Reflection 96 3.6 Extensive analysis 97 4. Extensive analysis 100 4.1 Reading 100 4.2 Discussion 101 Unit 5 Abstraction and Concretion 103 1. Discussion 103 2. Introduction 103 3. Abstraction and concretion in the two languages 104 3.1 Abstract English and concrete Chinese 104 3.2 Translation from abstract English to concrete Chinese 105 3.3 Translation from concrete Chinese to abstract English 108 3.4 Abstraction and concretion in the translation from English to Chinese 110 3.5 Abstraction and concretion in the translation from Chinese to English 114 3.6 Reflection 117 4. Extensive analysis 118 4.1 Reading 118 4.2 Discussion 120 Key to Exercises 122 Unit 1 122 Unit 2 131 Unit 3 147 Unit 4 163 Unit 5 175 References 183
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