Contents 1 Atmospheric Intraseasonal Oscillation and Dynamic Mechanism The CISK-Overstability Convection 3 Actions of Summer Monsoon Troughs (Ridges) and Tropical Cyclones over South Asia and the Moving CISK Mode 14 An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part II: Temporal Evolution and Hemispheric Interaction Across the Equator 24 Global Atmospheric Low-Frequency Teleconnection 33 The 30-60 Day Oscillations in the Global Atmosphere Excited by Warming in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific 40 A Further Inquiry on the Mechanism of 30-60 Day Oscillation in the Tropical Atmosphere 46 CISK Kelvin Wave with Evaporation-Wind Feedback and Air-Sea Interaction——A Further Study of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation Mechanism 62 Sensitivity of MJO Simulations to Diabatic Heating Profiles 73 Impact of East Asian Winter Monsoon on MJO over the Equatorial Western Pacific 103 Evolution of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in Two Types of El Nino 120 Challenges and Opportunities in MJO Studies 143 2 The ENSO, IOD and PIOAM (Pacific-Indian Ocean Associated Mode) Frequent Activities of Stronger Aero-Troughs in East Asia in Wintertime and the Occurrence of the El Nino Event 151 Interaction Between Anomalous Winter Monsoon in East Asia and El Nino Events 161 Relationship Between East Asian Winter Monsoon, Warm Pool Situation and ENSO Cycle 174 A Further Study of the Essence of ENSO 185 Indian Ocean Dipole and Its Relationship with ENSO Mode 202 The Tropical Pacific-Indian Ocean Temperature Anomaly Mode and Its Effect 212 Seasonal Evolution of Dominant Modes in South Pacific SST and Relationship with ENSO 222 The Tropical Pacific-Indian Ocean Associated Mode Simulated by LICOM2.0 238 3 Monsoon and Tropical Cyclone Actions of Typhoons over the Western Pacific (Including the South China Sea) and El Nino 257 On the Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998 265 The Influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole on Atmospheric Circulation and Climate 275 Dynamical Impact of Anomalous East-Asian Winter Monsoon on Zonal Wind over the Equatorial Western Pacific 287 Atmospheric Circulation Characteristics Associated with the Onset of Asian Summer Monsoon 297 Variation of the East Asian Monsoon and the Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation 317 Comparison of the Impact of two Types of El Nino on Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the South China Sea 327 Relationships Between Intensity of the Kuroshio Current in the East China Sea and the East Asian Winter Monsoon 344 4 Climate Variability The Quasi-Decadal Oscillation of Air-Sea System in the Northwestern Pacific Region 367 A Review of Decadal/Interdecadal Climate Variation Studies in China 378 Interdecadal Variation of the Relationship Between Indian Rainfall and SSTA Modes in the Indian Ocean 395 Possible Connection Between Pacific Oceanic Interdecadal Pathway and East Asian Winter Monsoon 410 Interdecadal Unstationary Relationship Between NAO and East China’s Summer Precipitation Patterns 419 Arctic Oscillation Anomaly in Winter 2009/2010 and Its Impacts on Weather and Climate 427 Observed Relationship of Boreal Winter South Pacific Tripole SSTA with Eastern China Rainfall During the Following Boreal Spring 444 5 The Oceanic Wave Activity and Renewable Energy Resource over the Sea Variation of the Wave Energy and Significant Wave Height in the China Sea and Adjacent Waters 467 An Overview of Global Ocean Wind Energy Resource Evaluations 481 Numerical Forecasting Experiment of the Wave Energy Resource in the China Sea 504 An Overview of Medium- to Long-Term Predictions of Global Wave Energy Resources 520 Propagation Route and Speed of Swell in the Indian Ocean 540 6 Stratosphere and Near Space Environment Evolution of QBO and the Influence of Enso 561 Relationship Between Subtropical High Activities over the Western Pacific and Quasi—Biennial Oscillation in the Stratosphere* 566 On the Differences and Climate Impacts of Early and Late Stratospheric Polar Vortex Breakup 577 Annual and Interannual Variations in Global 6.5DWs from 20 to 110 km During 2002-2016 Observed by TIMED/SABER 590 Appendix 615
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