Preface Chapter 1 Hydroxyapatite-Based Bone Scaffolds.............................................. 1 1.1 Structural Design and Experimental Analysis of a Selective Laser Sintering System with Nano-Hydroxyapatite Powder ............................... 2 1.2 Structure and Properties of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering with Selective Laser Sintering System........................ 8 1.3 The Microstructure Evolution of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Powder Sintered for Bone Tissue Engineering ..................................................................... 21 1.4 Fabrication Optimization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Artificial Bone Scaffolds ........................................................................................... 32 1.5 Grain Growth Associates Mechanical Properties in Nano-Hydroxyapatite Bone Scaffolds ................................................................................... 43 1.6 Simulation of Dynamic Temperature Field during Selective Laser Sintering of Ceramic Powder ............................................................................. 51 1.7 Poly (L-lactide acid) Improves complete Nano-Hydroxyapatite Bone Scaffolds through the Microstructure Rearrangement ..................... 59 1.8 Processing and Characterization of Laser Sintered Hydroxyapatite Scaffold for Tissue Engineering ........................................................... 71 References ................................................................................................. 80 Chapter 2 Tricalcium Phosphate-Based Bone Scaffolds ...................................91 2.1 Correlation between Properties and Microstructure of Laser Sintered Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Scaffolds ..................................... 92 2.2 Analysis of Transient Temperature Distribution in Selective Laser Sintering of β-Tricalcium Phosphate....................................................106 2.3 Inhibition of Phase Transformation from β-to α-Tricalcium Phosphate with Addition of Poly (L-lactic acid) in Selective Laser Sintering ...........113 2.4 Mechanical Properties Improvement of Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold with Poly (L-lactic acid) in Selective Laser Sintering ............................122 2.5 In vitro Bioactivity and Degradability of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Porous Scaffolds Fabricated via Selective Laser Sintering ................................133 2.6 Characterization of Mechanical and Biological Properties of 3-D Scaffolds Reinforced with Zinc Oxide for Bone Tissue Engineering........144 2.7 Nano-Hydroxyapatite Improves the Properties of β-tricalcium Phosphate Bone Scaffolds ..................................................................................160 References ................................................................................................171 Chapter 3 Biodegradable Polymer-Based Bone Scaffolds...............................188 3.1 Fabrication of Porous Polyvinyl Alcohol Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering via Selective Laser Sintering ............................................188 3.2 Development of Complex Porous Polyvinyl Alcohol Scaffolds: Microstructure, Mechanical and Biological Evaluations.........................198 3.3 Preparation of Complex Porous Scaffolds via Selective Laser Sintering of Poly vinyl Alcohol/Calcium Silicate ................................................206 3.4 Development of Composite Porous Scaffolds Based on Poly (Lactideco- Glycolide) /Nano-Hydroxyapatite via Selective Laser Sintering..............214 References ................................................................................................223 Chapter 4 Bioactive Glass-Based Bone Scaffolds ...........................................231 4.1 Fabrication and Characterization of Porous 45S5 Glass Scaffolds via Direct Selective Laser Sintering ..........................................................231 4.2 Enhancement Mechanisms of Graphene in Nano-58S Bioactive Glass Scaffold: Mechanical and Biological Performance ................................239 References ................................................................................................254 Chapter 5 Other Bone Scaffolds ....................................................................259 5.1 Fabrication and Characterization of Calcium Silicate Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering ............................................................................259 5.2 Graphene-Reinforced Mechanical Properties of Calcium Silicate Scaffolds by Laser Sintering ...............................................................270 5.3 Enhanced Sintering Ability of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate by Polymers Used for Bone Scaffold Fabrication .....................................................280 5.4 Optimization of TCP/HAP Ratio for Better Properties of Calcium Phosphate Scaffold via Selective Laser Sintering ..................................294 5.5 Novel Forsterite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Selective Laser Sintering Fabrication and Characterization ...........................................303 References ................................................................................................310