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Fundamental Aspects of Wood Transient Collapse and Water Adsorption


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Fundamental Aspects of Wood Transient Collapse and Water Adsorption
  • 书号：9787030673664
    作者：吴义强
  • 外文书名：
  • 装帧：平脊精装
    开本：B5
  • 页数：210
    字数：无
    语种：en
  • 出版社：科学出版社
    出版时间：2021-04-01
  • 所属分类：林学
  • 定价： ￥128.00元
    售价： ￥83.20元
  • 图书介质:
    纸质书

  • 购买数量： 件  可供
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本书介绍了人工林木材的储备、发展状况和保护木材安全的重要性，叙述了人工林木材干燥皱缩及收缩以及水分吸附基础理论。本书以桉树为代表，归纳了人工林木材的解剖学结构、变色特性、水分吸收特性等性质与木材干燥皱缩之间的关系，阐述了间歇式干燥对人工林木材细胞微观形貌的影响规律，总结了采用间歇式干燥减小人工林木材干燥皱缩及收缩程度的最优工艺。
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目录

  • Contents
    Chapter 1 Overview 1
    1.1 A brief introduction to wood resources 1
    1.1.1 International wood resources 1
    1.1.2 China’s wood resources 1
    1.2 General drying theory and technology 2
    1.2.1 Wood-water relations 2
    1.2.2 Wood drying theory 12
    1.2.3 Wood drying technology 13
    1.3 Drying theory and technology related to wood collapse 16
    1.3.1 Fundamental properties related to wood collapse 16
    1.3.2 Prediction and assessment of wood collapse 20
    1.3.3 Traditional wood collapse theory 22
    1.3.4 Novel wood transient collapse theory 23
    1.3.5 Drying technology for minimizing collapse 24
    1.4 Summary 30
    References 31
    Chapter 2 Anatomical Characteristics vs. Shrinkage and Collapse 41
    2.1 Introduction 41
    2.2 Materials and methods 42
    2.2.1 Collection of sample woods 42
    2.2.2 Preparation of specimens 42
    2.2.3 Determination of unit shrinkage (α), total shrinkage and residual collapse 43
    2.2.4 Measurement of basic density 43
    2.2.5 Determination of microfibril angle (MFA) 44
    2.2.6 Determination of both fiber morphology and various tissues proportion 44
    2.2.7 Statistics analysis 44
    2.3 Results 45
    2.3.1 Statistics on various indices 45
    2.3.2 Correlation analysis 46
    2.3.3 Regression analysis 47
    2.4 Discussions 48
    2.4.1 Relationship between basic density and unit shrinkage and total shrinkage 48
    2.4.2 Relationship between basic density and residual collapse 49
    2.4.3 Relationship of anatomical characteristics to unit shrinkage and total shrinkage 50
    2.4.4 Relationship between anatomical characteristics and residual collapse 50
    2.5 Conclusions 52
    References 52
    Chapter 3 Colorimetric Characteristics vs. Shrinkage and Collapse 55
    3.1 Introduction 55
    3.2 Material and methods 57
    3.2.1 Preparation of specimens 57
    3.2.2 Steaming and drying procedure 58
    3.2.3 Non-collapse shrinkage tests 58
    3.2.4 Determination of total shrinkage, normal shrinkage and collapse by image analysis technique 59
    3.2.5 Measurements of color parameters 59
    3.2.6 Regression analysis 60
    3.2.7 Measurement of NIR 60
    3.3 Results and discussions 60
    3.3.1 Effects of drying temperatures on shrinkage and collapse properties 60
    3.3.2 Effects of steaming treatments on shrinkage and collapse properties 62
    3.3.3 Effects of combination of various heat and steaming treatments on both shrinkage and collapse 63
    3.3.4 Shrinkage and collapse properties-colorimetric parameters relationships when subjected to various heat treatments 64
    3.3.5 Shrinkage and collapse values-colorimetric parameters relationships when subjected to various steaming treatments 65
    3.3.6 Shrinkage and collapse values-colorimetric parameters relationships when subjected to combination of heat and steaming treatments 67
    3.3.7 Effect of steaming time on sample coloring 68
    3.3.8 Effect of drying process on sample coloring 70
    3.4 Conclusions 73
    References 74
    Chapter 4 Water Vapor Sorption Behavior vs. Shrinkage and Collapse 77
    4.1 Introduction 77
    4.2 Materials and methods 79
    4.2.1 Preparation of specimens 79
    4.2.2 Heating and steaming procedure 80
    4.2.3 Non-collapse shrinkage tests 81
    4.2.4 Determination of total shrinkage, normal shrinkage and collapse by image analysis technique 81
    4.2.5 Determination of water vapor sorption behavior 81
    4.3 Results and discussion 82
    4.3.1 Water vapor sorption behavior 82
    4.3.2 Sorption hysteresis 85
    4.3.3 Sorption kinetics 87
    4.3.4 The applicability of Kelvin-Voigt model 93
    4.4 Conclusions 97
    References 98
    Chapter 5 Drying Conditions vs. Shrinkage and Collapse 102
    5.1 Introduction 102
    5.2 Materials and methods 103
    5.2.1 Preparation of specimens 103
    5.2.2 Continuous drying procedures 103
    5.2.3 Intermittent drying procedures 104
    5.2.4 Measurement of dimension by image analysis technique 104
    5.2.5 Determination of total shrinkage and residual collapse 104
    5.2.6 SEM observation 105
    5.2.7 Advancement of novel concepts of both transient collapse and maximum transient collapse 106
    5.3 Results and discussion 107
    5.3.1 Characteristics of wood tissue structure changes in the drying process under the continuous and intermittent drying regimes 107
    5.3.2 Comparison of collapse-shrinkage characteristics under the continuous and intermittent drying regimes 108
    5.3.3 Analyses of radial variation characteristics in collapse-shrinkage properties under the continuous and intermittent drying regimes 110
    5.4 Conclusions 111
    References 112
    Chapter 6 Morphological Study of Collapsed Wood Cells in Intermittent Drying 114
    6.1 Introduction 114
    6.2 Materials and methods 115
    6.2.1 Materials 115
    6.2.2 Drying conditions 115
    6.2.3 Collapse-type shrinkage curve 116
    6.2.4 Preparation of micro section and SEM observation 117
    6.3 Results and discussion 117
    6.3.1 Effects of different drying schedule on drying progression 117
    6.3.2 Shrinkage curves of different drying process 120
    6.3.3 Distribution of moisture content in continuous and intermittent drying 122
    6.3.4 Morphological study of collapse in continuous and intermittent drying 126
    6.4 Conclusions 130
    References 130
    Chapter 7 Intermittent Drying for Minimizing Shrinkage and Collapse in Wood 133
    7.1 Introduction 133
    7.2 Materials and methods 134
    7.2.1 Sample woods collection 134
    7.2.2 Specimens preparation 135
    7.2.3 Procedures of continuous and intermittent drying regimes 135
    7.2.4 Collapse-free shrinkage tests 137
    7.2.5 Measurements of transversal section areas by using image analysis technique 137
    7.2.6 Determination of total shrinkage, normal shrinkage and collapse ..137
    7.3 Results and conclusions 137
    7.3.1 Effects of intermittent duration on total shrinkage and collapse 137
    7.3.2 Effects of drying duration on total shrinkage and collapse 139
    7.3.3 Effects of drying temperatures on shrinkage and collapse 140
    7.3.4 Effects of alteration of high-low relative humidity on total shrinkage and collapse 142
    7.4 Conclusions 143
    References 144
    Chapter 8 Quantitative Assessment of Moisture Sorption in Wood Cell Walls 147
    8.1 Introduction 147
    8.2 Materials and methods 149
    8.2.1 Sample preparation 149
    8.2.2 Micro-FTIR spectrometer 149
    8.2.3 DVS apparatus 151
    8.2.4 Micro-FTIR data processing 152
    8.3 Results and discussion 152
    8.3.1 Qualitatively analyzing moisture sorption 152
    8.3.2 Quantitative analysis of moisture sorption 155
    8.4 Conclusions 157
    References 158
    Chapter 9 Spatial Distribution of Moisture in Wood Cell Wall 162
    9.1 Introduction 162
    9.2 Materials and methods 164
    9.3 Results and discussion 167
    9.3.1 μ-FTIR spectra associated with water molecules 167
    9.3.2 Assignment of Raman spectral peaks 169
    9.3.3 Spatial distribution of lignin and cellulose 170
    9.3.4 Spatial distribution of adsorbed water 172
    9.4 Conclusions 173
    References 174
    Chapter 10 Molecular Association of Water with Wood 178
    10.1 Introduction 178
    10.2 Materials and methods 180
    10.2.1 Sample preparation 180
    10.2.2 Microscopic Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectroscopy equipment 180
    10.2.3 Data processing 181
    10.3 Result and discussion 182
    10.3.1 Micro-FTIR spectra of wood associated with water molecules 182
    10.3.2 Analysis of difference spectra 183
    10.3.3 Molecular association of adsorbed water with wood during the adsorption process 184
    10.4 Conclusions 191
    References 191
    Chapter 11 Molecular Association of Adsorbed Water with Main Chemical Components in Wood 195
    11.1 Introduction 195
    11.2 Materials and methods 197
    11.2.1 Materials 197
    11.2.2 Micro-FTIR spectrometer 197
    11.2.3 Data processing 199
    11.3 Results and discussion 200
    11.3.1 Effective sorption sites in lignin during water adsorption process 200
    11.3.2 Molecular association of adsorbed water with lignin 201
    11.4 Conclusions 206
    References 206
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