Contents 前言 i Preface iii Abbreviations vii Introduction1ChapterlTheReturnofEthics 9 1.1Ethical Criticism: A Brief Review 9 1.2Ethical Criticism in China 31 1.3Thomas Hardy:an Ethical Reading 43 Chapter2 Moral Luckin Farfrorn the Madding Crowdand The Return of the Native 60 2.1Moral Luck and Mora Judgment 61 2.3Moral Luck in Far frorn the Madding Crowd 71 2.3Moral Luck in The Return of the Native 76 2.4Genre,Ethics and Hesitation of Judgment 81 Chapter3 Evolutionand Ethicsin The Mayorof Casterbridgeand Tessof theD'Urbervilles 92 3.1Evolution,Ethics,and Modern Tragedy 93 3.2The Mayorof Casterbridge:"the Crowd Over the Hero" 107 3.3Tessof the D'Urbervilles:Nature'sUnconsciousness 122 Chapter4 Is-OughtProblemand the Plotof Jude the Obscure 143 4.2Jude the Obscure:Plotting and Plot 151 4.3Is-Ought Problem:Narrativea sa Solution 161 Chapter5 The Lover as anArtist:The Well Belovedand 5.1Romantic Loveand It sProblems 176 5.2The Well Beloved:the Loverasan Artist 181 5.3"Poemsof19121913":Hardy the Artistasa Lover 202 Afterword 214 Bibliography 217