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南极横断山和罗斯岛地区地质地球化学
  • 书号:7030013573
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  • 页数:0
    字数:458000
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  • 出版社:科学出版社
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  • 所属分类:P59 地球化学
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内容简介
本书是一部关于南极横断山和罗斯岛地区地质地球化学的综合性研究专著。全书共九章。研究对象涉及基底变质岩、盖层沉积岩、侵入岩、火山岩、第四纪沉积物、冰及冰水样品、南极陨石等。在先后两次南极实地考察的基础上,室内采用了岩石学、造岩矿物学、副成分矿物学、元素地球化学、放射及稳定同位素地球化学、包裹体、高温高压实验、古地磁学以及中子活化、荧光光谱分析等多学科、多方法的研究。本书内容丰富、观点新颖,系统阐述了南极横断山和罗斯岛地区各类岩石与地质体的基本特征与成因。论述了该区地壳的发育与演化历史。探讨了冈瓦纳古陆的解体和南极大陆的漂移过程。
本书是我国第一本关于南极地质地球化学研究的专著。它是我们进一步研究南极,开展全球构造与区域对比的重要资料。可供广大地学工作者及有关院、校师生参考。
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目录

  • Introduction
    Chapter Ⅰ Geography and Geology of Dry Valleys region and Ross Island,Antarctica
    Section 1 Physical Geography
    Section 2 Geological Setting
    1)The basement
    2)The Beacon series
    3)The Ferrar dolerite
    4)The McMurdovolcanics
    Appendix sample discription
    Chapter Ⅱ Petrology and Geochemistry of Metamorphic Rocks
    Section 1 Petromicroscopic Studies
    1)Pyribolite
    2)Migmatite
    3)Amphibole-quartz-plagioelase gneiss
    4)Kyanite-sillimanite-staurolite-quartz-plagioclase rock
    Section 2 Petrochemical Characteristics
    Section 3 Trace-element Geochemistry
    1)Pyribolite-felsic migmatite gneiss
    2)Amphibole-quartz-plagioclase gneiss
    3)Kyanite-sillimanite-ataurollte-quartz-plagioclass rock
    4)Summary
    Chapter Ⅲ Petrology,Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Granites
    Section 1 Petrology
    1)Types of granites
    2)Petrochemistry
    Section 2 Mineralogy of Rock-forming Minerals
    1)Feldspars
    2)Micas
    3)Amphiboles
    4)Quartz
    Section 3 Accessory Minerals Mineralogy
    Section 4 Trace Element Geochemistry
    1)Regional geochemistry
    2)T race ellement geochemistry
    3)REE geochemisttry
    Section 5 Oxygen and Hydron Isotope Geochemistry
    1)Analytical methods
    2)Results
    3)Discussions
    Section 6 K-Ar and Rb-Sr Dateing
    Section 7 Petrogenesis and Evolutions
    1)The petrogenesis of sample F4
    2)Petrogenesis and evolution
    3)Comparision between the Transantarctic Mountains and adjacent regions
    Chapter Ⅳ Geology and Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks
    Section 1 Major Ellements and Petrochemical Classifi cation
    Section 2 Mineralogy,Structure and Texture and Mineral Chemistry
    1)Mineral assemblage
    2)Structural and textural characters
    3)Mineralogy and chemistry of major rock-forming minerals
    Section 3 K-Ar ages,Rb,Sr isotopes and Abnormal Mantle
    1)Ages of the volcanic rocks
    2)Sr and Pb isotopic compositions
    3)Discussion
    4)Summary
    Section 4 U,Th isotopes and Uranium Series
    1)Sample treatment and analytical procedure
    2)Results and discussions
    Section 5 Trace Element Geochemistry
    1)Transitional elements Ⅰ
    2)REE
    3)Incompatible elements
    4)Discussions
    Section 6 Fluorine Geochemistry
    Section 7 High-pressure Meet Experiments
    1)Experiments
    2)Density of the meets
    3)Viscocity of magma
    4)Infrared spec tra of the volcanic rocks and their meets
    5)Mossbauer spectroscopy of the volcanic rocks and their meets
    6)The high-pressure melting curve of basanite B4
    7)Summary
    Section 8 Inclusions
    1)Characteristics of the inclusions
    2)Chemistry of meet inclusions
    3)Homogeneous temperatures and pressure measureme nts of the meet inclusions
    4)Summary
    Section 9 Conclusions
    Chapter Ⅴ Lithology and Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rocks of the Taylor series in Beacon Supergroup
    Section 1 Geological Background of the Beacon Supergroup
    Section 2 Structural Analyses
    1)Structural analyses
    2)Grain shape analyses of sandstones
    3)Summary
    Section 3 Heavy Minerals of the Sandstone
    1)Separation
    2)Identification
    3)Two cross-sections showing the contents and assem blages of heavy minerals in sandstone of the Taylor series in Beacon Supergroup
    4)Heavy mineral variation along the cross-section
    5)Topomorphic characteristics of heavy minerals
    6)Summary
    Section 4 Shape and Surface Texture of Quartz Grains from the Upper Parts of the Taylor Series
    1)Samples and experiments
    2)Shape and surface tex ture of the quartz sands
    3)Summary
    Section 5 Clay Minerals in Sandstones from the Upper Taylor Series of the Beacon Supergroup
    1)Identification and distribution of clay minerals and other related minerals
    2)Summary
    Section 6 Lithological Studies
    1)Mineral compositions
    2)Cemet material
    3)Structure and texture of the sandstones
    4)Post-sedimentational changes
    5)Types of the sedimentary rocks and depositional environments
    Section 7 Geochemistry
    1)Major elements
    2)Trace elements
    3)REE
    Section 8 Organic Geochemical Studies on Antarctic Sedimentary Rocks
    1)Analyses
    2)Contents of organic matter and biological distribution
    3)The geochemical implications of anroniacid
    4)Sterane and terpene biomakers and their geochemicalimplications
    Chapter Ⅵ Ouarternary Sediments and lsotopes Iin ce and Water
    Section 1 Geology of the Micrs Valley
    Section 2 Mineraly of Sediments in Miers Valley
    Section 3 Chemistry of Sediments in Miers Valley
    Section 4 14C Ages of Sediments in Miers Valley
    Section 5 Depositional Environment and Paleoclimate of the Miers Valley in Late Pleistocene
    Section 6 10Be Study on Drilling core Ice
    1)Antarctic ice and cosmic nuclide 10Be
    2)Sample collection and 10Be determination
    3)Results and discussions
    Section 7 Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopic Compositions and Tritium Contents in Antarctic Water Samples
    1)δ18O,δD and the distribution of tritium in meteoric waters in the south hemisphere
    2)Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions and tritium contents in Antarctic glaciers
    3)Results (220)
    Chapter ⅦPaleomagnetism and Drifting of Antarctica
    Section l Review
    1)Geological evidence for the Gondwanaland
    2)Paleomagnetic evidence for the Gondwanaland
    3)Breaking up of the Gondwanaland
    Section 2 Geological Setting and Sampling
    Section 3 Paleomagnetic Measurements and Experiments
    1)Natural remanet magnetization and susceptibility of the rocks
    2)The Curie points of the rocks
    3)Magnetic stability of the rocks
    4)Paleomagnetic pole position and polar-wandering curves
    Section 4 Conclu ding Remarks
    1)Antarctica was a part of the Gondwanaland prior to the Jurassic
    2)Antarctica was separated from the Gondwanaland since the Jurassic
    3)Paleolatitudes and drifting of Antarctica since the Jurassic
    Chapte r Ⅷ Meteorites and Meteritic Studies in Antarctica
    Section 1 Introduction
    Section 2 The Collection,Distrioution and Types of Antarctic Meteorites
    Section 3 Geological Background and the High Frequency of Meteorite Falling in Antarc tica
    Section 4 Meteorite Types Characteristic of Antarctica
    1)Moon meteorites
    2)Mars meteorites
    3)Polymictic eucrite
    4)Non-equilibrium common chondrite
    5)RKPA-79015
    6)ALHA-77283
    7)Some unique chondrites
    Section 5 Chemical-Textural Types of some Antarctic Siderite
    Section 6 Concluding Remarks
    Chapter Ⅸ Conclusions and Discussions
    Section 1 Major Conclusions
    1)Metamorphic rocks
    2)Granites
    3)Sedimentary rocks
    4)Quarternary sediments
    5)Volcanic rocks
    6)Paleomagnetism and Antarctic continent drift
    7)Antarctic meteorites
    Section 2 Discussions
    1)Characteristics of crust activity of the Transantarctic Mountains
    2)Crust evolution of the Transantarctic Mountains
    References
    Appendix Ⅰ Instrumental neutron activation analysis on rock samples from Transantarctic Mountains and Ross Island
    Appendix Ⅱ Trace elements in Antarctic rocks
    Explanation of Plates
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