Brief Introduction Foreword Preface Chapter 1 Descriptions of Magneto-Plasmas 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Basic Parameters and Characteristics 1.2.1 Weakly Coupled Condition 1.2.2 Debye Shielding 1.2.3 Langmuir Oscillation 1.2.4 Coulomb Collision 1.2.5 Anisotropy of Magneto-Plasmas 1.3 Motion of Individual Particles in Magnetic Fields 1.3.1 Gyrating Motion in a Uniform Field 1.3.2 Drift Motion in a Nonuniform Field 1.3.3 Adiabatic Invariants 1.4 Kinetic Description of Plasmas 1.4.1 Exact Klimontovich Equation 1.4.2 Mean Kinetic Equations 1.4.3 Drift- and Gyro-Kinetic Equations 1.5 Two-Fluid Description of Plasmas 1.5.1 Velocity Moment Equations 1.5.2 Briginskii Equations for Fluid Closure 1.5.3 Adiabatic and Bi-adiabatic Equations 1.6 MHD Description of Plasmas 1.6.1 MHD Equations 1.6.2 Generalized Ohm Law 1.6.3 Ideal MHD:Magnetic Frozen 1.6.4 Resistive MHD:Magnetic Diffusion 1.6.5 Hall MHD:Anisotropic Ohm Law 1.6.6 Microphysics of MHD Dynamics Chapter 2 Basic Characteristics:from AWs to KAWs 2.1 Introduction 2.2 AWs Based on MHD Description 2.2.1 AWs in the Ideal MHD 2.2.2 Basic Characteristics of AWs 2.2.3 Effect of Resistive Term on AWs 2.2.4 Effect of Hall Term on AWs 2.3 KAWs Based on Two-Fluid Decription 2.3.1 General Two-fluid Dispersion Equation 2.3.2 Low-frequency Dispersion Relations 2.3.3 KAW:Short-wavelength Modification 2.4 A Few Crucial Characteristics of KAWs 2.4.1 Low-β Cases:Kinetic and Inertial Limits 2.4.2 Anisotropic Propagation 2.4.3 Electromagnetic Polarization States Chapter 3 KAW Instabilities and Generation Mechanisms 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Low-Frequency Kinetic Dispersion Equation 3.2.1 General Dispersion Equation 3.2.2 Bi-Maxwell Distribution 3.2.3 Low-frequency Approximation 3.2.4 MHD Limit:Fire-Hose and Mirror Instabilities 3.3 Anisotropic Temperature Instabilities 3.3.1 Anisotropic Dispersion Equation 3.3.2 Classic Limit with Zero Ion Gyroradius 3.3.3 Kinetic Effect with Finite Ion Gyroradius 3.4 Field-Aligned Current Instabilities 3.4.1 Isotropic Plasma Case 3.4.2 Anisotropic Plasma Case 3.5 Ion Beam Intabilitiy 3.5.1 Beam-return Current Systems 3.5.2 Ion Beam Instability 3.6 Other Generation Mechanisms 3.6.1 Resonant Mode Conversion of AWs 3.6.2 Parametric Decay Due to Wave-wave Coupling 3.6.3 Anisotropic Cascade of MHD Turbulence Chapter 4 Nonlinear Solitary Structures of KAWs 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Sagdeev Equation of One-Dimentional SKAWs 4.2.1 Basic Equation and Linear Dispersion Relation 4.2.2 Sagdeev Equation and Sagdeev Potential 4.3 Existent Criterion and Parameter Dependence 4.3.1 Criterion for Existence of SKAWs 4.3.2 Parametric Dependence of SKAWs 4.4 Analytic Solutions of the Sagdeev Equation 4.4.1 Analytic Solution in the Inertial Limit 4.4.2 KdV Soliton in Small-amplitude Limit 4.5 Two-Dimensional SKAWs:Basic Physics Model 4.5.1 Basic Equations 4.5.2 Dipole Vortex Solutions 4.6 Two-Dimentional SKAWs:Dipole Vortex Structure 4.6.1 Dipole Density Soliton in a Dipole Vortex 4.6.2 Electromagnetic Rotation in a Dipole Vortex Chapter 5 KAWs in Complex Plasmas 5.1 Introduction 5.2 KAWs in Multi-Ion Plasmas 5.2.1 Slowing of KAWs Due to Heavy Ions 5.2.2 Coupling of KAWs to Ion-ion Hybrid Waves 5.2.3 Effects of Finite Ion Temperatures on KAWs 5.2.4 SKAWs in Multi-ion Plasmas 5.3 KAWs in Partly Ionized Plasmas 5.3.1 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions 5.3.2 Drift Instability via Elastic Collisions 5.3.3 Ionization Instability via Inelastic Collisions 5.4 KAWs in Dusty Plasmas 5.4.1 Basic Processes and Properties 5.4.2 Electrostatic Waves in Dusty Plasmas 5.4.3 KAWs in Dusty Plasmas Chapter 6 Experimental Studies of KAWs 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Early Laboratory Experiments of AWs 6.3 Laboratory Experiments of KAWs 6.3.1 Mode Conversion of KAWs and Plasma Heating 6.3.2 Dispersion Relation and Basic Properties of KAWs 6.3.3 Excitation of KAWs and Nonlinear Phenomena 6.4 Space in situ Identification of KAWs 6.4.1 Early Primary Observations of KAWs 6.4.2 Refined Identifications of SKAWs 6.4.3 Dipole Density Solitons and Two-dimensional SKAWs 6.4.4 Identification of KAW Turbulent Spectra 6.5 Space Observations vs Laboratory Experiments 6.6 Solar Observed Evidence of KAWs Chapter 7 Auroral Electron Acceleration by DSKAWs 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Aurora and Auroral Electron Acceleration 7.3 DSKAWs and Their Shock-like Structures 7.3.1 Basic Physics Model 7.3.2 Electron Field-aligned Acceleration by DKAW 7.4 Auroral Acceleration Mechanism by DSKAW 7.4.1 Empirical Model of Auroral Plasma 7.4.2 Auroral Electron Acceleration by DSKAWs 7.4.3 Comparison with Observations Chapter 8 Anomalous Energization of Coronal Ions by KAWs 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Anomalous Energization Phenomena of Coronal Ions 8.3 Empirical Model of Coronal Hole Structures 8.3.1 Radial Model 8.3.2 Transverse Model 8.4 Physical Model for Heavy Ion-SKAW Interaction 8.4.1 Nonlinear Generation of KAWs in Coronal Holes 8.4.2 Heavy Ion-SKAW Interaction 8.5 Energization of Heavy Ions in SKAWs 8.6 Application to Energization of Coronal Ions Chapter 9 Nonuniform Heating of Coronal Plasmas by KAWs 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Magnetic Structure and Heating Problem of the Solar Corona 9.3 Upper Chromospheric Heating by Ohmic Dissipation of KAWs 9.3.1 Sunspot Upper-chromospheric Heating Problem 9.3.2 Ohmic Dissipation of KAWs by Coulomb Collision 9.3.3 Upper-chromospheric Heating by KAWs 9.4 Coronal Loop Heating by Landau Damping of KAWs 9.4.1 Coronal Loops and Their Heating Problem 9.4.2 Landau Damping of KAWs 9.4.3 Coronal Loop Heating by KAWs 9.5 Coronal Plume Heating by Landau Damping of KAWs 9.5.1 Coronal Plumes and Their Heating Problem 9.5.2 Coronal Plume Heating by KAWs 9.6 A Unified Scenario for the Coronal Heating? Chapter 10 Perspectives of KAWs 10.1 Generation and Dissipation of KAWs 10.2 Turbulent Cascade:from AWs to KAWs 10.3 Magneto-Plasma Filaments by KAWs 10.4 Particle Energization by KAWs References Index
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