本书收录南四湖地区分布鸟类294种（304种及亚种），隶属于20目67科153属；253种（255种及亚种）有标本或照片，曾采到标本的有176种，近年来拍到照片（近3000张）的有210种，既有标本又有照片的133种，只有标本、无照片确认现状的44种，只有照片的76种，仅有文献记录的有40种；种数比历史资料记录有较多增加，新增记录28种，主要与新分类系统将文献记录亚种提升为种和照片新记录物种有关；确认记录消失的朱鹮等不收录。本书是南四湖地区鸟类的首部专著，也是一项集专业调查和群众参与于一体的调研成果，以实地调查、标本、照片、文献记录为物证。本书记录的鸟类按照《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》（第三版）（郑光美，2017）系统确定物种的分类地位，简介物种特征、生态习性、分布状况，并附有物种分布时间和地点的照片、标本，除中文名、英文名和学名外，还列出同种异名、别名，方便大众性观鸟与专业调研互联查验，保证科学性、学术性与科普价值。另外，有关资料中记录的但缺乏文献和物证的鸟类，列于正文之后，可作为日后调研的参考并通过深入研究确证。
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目录
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序
前言
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南四湖地区环境概述 1
南四湖地区鸟类研究概况 2
1 鸡形目Galliformes 3
1.1 雉科Phasianidae 3
石鸡华北亚种 Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar pubescens 3
中华鹧鸪指名亚种 Chinese Francolin Francolinus pintadeanus pintadeanus 4
鹌鹑 Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica 4
环颈雉 Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 5
华东亚种 P.c.torquatus 5
河北亚种 P.c.karpowi 5
2 雁形目Anseriformes 6
2.1 鸭科Anatidae (Ducks，Geese，Swans) 6
鸿雁 Swan Goose Anser cygnoid 7
豆雁西伯利亚亚种 Bean Goose Anser fabalis middendorffii 8
短嘴豆雁指名亚种 Tundra Bean Goose Anser serrirostris serrirostris 8
灰雁东方亚种 Greylag Goose Anser anser rubrirostris 9
白额雁太平洋亚种 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons frontalis 9
小白额雁 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus 10
斑头雁 Bar-headed Goose Anser indicus 10
疣鼻天鹅 Mute Swan Cygnus olor 11
小天鹅乌苏里亚种 Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii 11
大天鹅 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus 12
翘鼻麻鸭 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna 12
赤麻鸭 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea 13
鸳鸯 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata 13
棉凫指名亚种 Asian Pygmy Goose Nettapus coromandelianus coromandelianus 14
赤膀鸭指名亚种 Gadwall Mareca strepera strepera 15
罗纹鸭 Falcated Duck Mareca falcata 15
赤颈鸭 Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope 16
绿头鸭指名亚种 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos 16
斑嘴鸭 Eastern Spot-billed Duck Anas zonorhyncha 17
针尾鸭 Northern Pintail Anas acuta 18
绿翅鸭指名亚种 Green-winged Teal Anas crecca crecca 18
琵嘴鸭 Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata 19
白眉鸭 Garganey Spatula querquedula 20
花脸鸭 Baikal Teal Sibirionetta formosa 20
赤嘴潜鸭 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina 21
红头潜鸭 Common Pochard Aythya ferina 21
青头潜鸭 Baer’s Pochard Aythya baeri 22
白眼潜鸭 Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca 23
凤头潜鸭 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula 23
斑背潜鸭太平洋亚种 Greater Scaup Aythya marila nearctica 24
黑海番鸭 Black Scoter Melanitta americana 24
鹊鸭指名亚种 Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula clangula 24
斑头秋沙鸭 Smew Mergellus albellus 25
普通秋沙鸭指名亚种 Common Merganser Mergus merganser merganser 26
红胸秋沙鸭 Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator 26
中华秋沙鸭 Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus 27
3 目Podicipediformes 28
3.1 科Podicipedidae 28
小普通亚种 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis poggei 28
凤头指名亚种 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus cristatus 29
角指名亚种 Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus auritus 29
黑颈指名亚种 Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis 30
4 红鹳目Phoenicopteriformes 31
4.1 红鹳科Phoenicopteridae (Flamingos) 31
大红鹳指名亚种 Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus roseus 31
5 鸽形目Columbiformes 32
5.1 鸠鸽科Columbidae (Doves，Pigeons) 32
火斑鸠普通亚种 Red Turtle Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica humilis 32
山斑鸠指名亚种 Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis orientalis 32
灰斑鸠指名亚种 Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto decaocto 33
珠颈斑鸠指名亚种 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis chinensis 34
6 夜鹰目Caprimulgiformes 35
6.1 夜鹰科Caprimulgidae (Nightjars) 35
普通夜鹰普通亚种 Grey Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus jotaka 35
6.2 雨燕科Apodidae (Swifts) 35
普通雨燕北京亚种 Common Swift Apus apus pekinensis 35
7 鹃形目Cuculiformes 37
7.1 杜鹃科Cuculidae (Cuckoos) 37
小鸦鹃华南亚种 Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis lignator 37
小杜鹃 Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus 38
四声杜鹃指名亚种 Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus micropterus 38
中杜鹃指名亚种 Himalayan Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus saturatus 39
大杜鹃华西亚种 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus bakeri 39
8 鸨形目Otidiformes 41
8.1 鸨科Otididae 41
大鸨普通亚种 Great Bustard Otis tarda dybowskii 41
9 鹤形目Gruiformes 42
9.1 秧鸡科Rallidae 42
普通秧鸡 Brown-cheeked Rail Rallus indicus 42
小田鸡指名亚种 Baillon’s Crake Zapornia pusilla pusilla 43
红胸田鸡普通亚种 Ruddy-breasted Crake Zapornia fusca erythrothrorax 43
斑胁田鸡 Band-bellied Crake Zapornia paykullii 44
白胸苦恶鸟指名亚种 White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus phoenicurus 44
董鸡 Watercock Gallicrex cinerea 45
黑水鸡普通亚种 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus chloropus 45
白骨顶指名亚种 Common Coot Fulica atra atra 46
9.2 鹤科Gruidae (Cranes) 47
白鹤 Siberian Crane Grus leucogeranus 47
白枕鹤 White-naped Crane Grus vipio 48
灰鹤普通亚种 Common Crane Grus grus lilfordi 48
白头鹤 Hooded Crane Grus monacha 49
10 鸻形目Charadriiformes 50
10.1 反嘴鹬科Recurvirostridae 50
黑翅长脚鹬指名亚种 Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus himantopus 50
反嘴鹬 Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 51
10.2 鸻科Charadriidae 51
凤头麦鸡 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 52
灰头麦鸡 Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus 52
金鸻 Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva 53
长嘴剑鸻 Long-billed Plover Charadrius placidus 53
金眶鸻普通亚种 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius curonicus 54
环颈鸻东亚亚种 Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus dealbatus 55
东方鸻 Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus 55
10.3 彩鹬科Rostratulidae 56
彩鹬指名亚种 Greater Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis benghalensis 56
10.4 水雉科 Jacanidae (Jacanas) 56
水雉 Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus 56
10.5 鹬科Scolopacidae (Snipes，Sandpipers，
Phalaropes) 57
丘鹬 Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola 58
针尾沙锥 Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura 59
大沙锥 Swinhoe’s Snipe Gallinago megala 59
扇尾沙锥指名亚种 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago gallinago 60
黑尾塍鹬普通亚种 Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa melanuroides 60
斑尾塍鹬普通亚种 Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica baueri 61
小杓鹬 Little Curlew Numenius minutus 61
中杓鹬华东亚种 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus variegatus 62
白腰杓鹬普通亚种 Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata orientalis 63
鹤鹬 Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus 63
红脚鹬东部亚种 Common Redshank Tringa totanus terrignotae 64
泽鹬 Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis 64
青脚鹬 Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia 65
白腰草鹬 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus 66
林鹬 Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola 66
灰尾漂鹬 Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes 67
矶鹬 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 67
青脚滨鹬 Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii 68
长趾滨鹬 Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta 68
阔嘴鹬普通亚种 Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus sibirica 69
黑腹滨鹬 Dunlin Calidris alpina 70
10.6 三趾鹑科Turnicidae (Buttonquails) 70
黄脚三趾鹑南方亚种 Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki blanfordii 70
10.7 燕鸻科Glareolidae 71
普通燕鸻 Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum 71
10.8 鸥科Laridae (Gulls) 71
棕头鸥 Brown-headed Gull Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus 72
红嘴鸥 Black-headed Gul Chroicocephalus ridibundus 72
黑尾鸥 Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris 73
西伯利亚银鸥普通亚种 Siberian Gull Larus smithsonianus vegae 74
白额燕鸥普通亚种 Little Tern Sternula albifrons sinensis 74
普通燕鸥东北亚种 Common Tern Sterna hirundo longipennis 75
灰翅浮鸥普通亚种 Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida hybrida 75
白翅浮鸥 White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus 76
11 鹳形目Ciconiiformes 78
11.1 鹳科Ciconiidae (Storks) 78
黑鹳 Black Stork Ciconia nigra 78
东方白鹳 Oriental Stork Ciconia boyciana 78
12 鲣鸟目Suliformes 80
12.1 鸬鹚科Phalacrocoracidae 80
普通鸬鹚中国亚种 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis 80
13 鹈形目Pelecaniformes 81
13.1 鹮科Threskiornithidae (Ibises，Spoonbills) 81
白琵鹭指名亚种 Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia leucorodia 81
13.2 鹭科Ardeidae (Herons，Egrets，Bitterns) 81
大麻指名亚种 Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris stellaris 82
黄斑苇 Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis 83
紫背苇 Von Schrenck’s Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus 83
栗苇 Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus 84
夜鹭指名亚种 Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax 84
绿鹭黑龙江亚种 Striated Heron Butorides striata amurensis 85
池鹭 Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus 86
牛背鹭普通亚种 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis coromandus 86
苍鹭普通亚种 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea jouyi 87
草鹭普通亚种 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea manilensis 88
大白鹭普通亚种 Great Egret Ardea alba modesta 88
中白鹭指名亚种 Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia intermedia 89
白鹭指名亚种 Little Egret Egretta garzetta garzetta 90
14 鹰形目Accipitriformes 92
14.1 鹗科Pandionidae (Osprey) 92
鹗 Osprey Pandion haliaetus 92
14.2 鹰科Accipitridae 92
黑翅鸢南方亚种 Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus vociferus 93
凤头蜂鹰东方亚种 Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus orientalis 94
秃鹫 Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus 94
乌 Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga 95
松雀鹰南方亚种 Besra Accipiter virgatus affinis 95
雀鹰北方亚种 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus nisosimilis 96
苍鹰普通亚种 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis schvedowi 96
白头鹞指名亚种 Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus aeruginosus 97
白腹鹞 Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus spilonotus 97
白尾鹞指名亚种 Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus cyaneus 98
鹊鹞 Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos 98
黑鸢普通亚种 Black Kite Milvus migrans lineatus 99
白尾海指名亚种 White-tailed Sea Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla albicilla 99
大鵟 Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius 100
普通鵟 Eastern Buzzard Buteo japonicus japonicus 101
15 鸮形目Strigiformes 102
15.1 鸱鸮科Strigidae (Typical Owls) 102
红角鸮东北亚种 Oriental Scops Owl Otus sunia stictonotus 102
鸮华南亚种 Eurasian Eagle-owl Bubo bubo kiautschensis 103
纵纹腹小鸮普通亚种 Little Owl Athene noctua plumipes 103
长耳鸮指名亚种 Long-eared Owl Asio otus otus 104
短耳鸮指名亚种 Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus flammeus 104
16 犀鸟目 Bucerotiformes 106
16.1 戴胜科Upupidae (Hoopoes) 106
戴胜指名亚种 Common Hoopoe
Upupa epops epops 106
17 佛法僧目Coraciiformes 107
17.1 佛法僧科Coraciidae (Rollers) 107
三宝鸟普通亚种 Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis cyanicollis 107
17.2 翠鸟科Alcedinidae (Kingfishers) 107
蓝翡翠 Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata 108
普通翠鸟普通亚种 Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis bengalensis 108
冠鱼狗普通亚种 Crested Kingfisher Megaceryle lugubris guttulata 109
斑鱼狗普通亚种 Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis insignis 110
18 啄木鸟目Piciformes 111
18.1 啄木鸟科Picidae (Woodpeckers) 111
蚁指名亚种 Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla torquilla 111
棕腹啄木鸟普通亚种Rufous-bellied Woodpecker Dendrocopos hyperythrus subrufinus 111
星头啄木鸟华北亚种 Grey-capped Woodpecker Dendrocopos canicapillus scintilliceps 112
大斑啄木鸟华北亚种 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major cabanisi 113
灰头绿啄木鸟华东亚种 Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus guerini 113
19 隼形目Falconiformes 115
19.1 隼科Falconidae 115
红隼普通亚种 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus interstinctus 115
红脚隼 Amur Falcon Falco amurensis 116
燕隼指名亚种 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo subbuteo 116
游隼 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 117
南方亚种F.p.peregrinator 117
普通亚种 F.p.calidus 117
20 雀形目Passeriformes 118
20.1 黄鹂科Oriolidae (Old World Orioles) 118
黑枕黄鹂普通亚种 Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis diffusus 118
20.2 山椒鸟科Campephagidae (Cuckoo Shrikes) 118
灰山椒鸟指名亚种 Ashy Minivet Pericrocotus divaricatus divaricatus 118
20.3 卷尾科Dicruridae (Drongos) 119
黑卷尾普通亚种 Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus cathoecus 119
灰卷尾普通亚种 Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus leucophaeus 120
发冠卷尾普通亚种 Hair-crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus brevirostris 120
20.4 王鹟科Monarchinae (Monarch Flycatchers) 121
寿带 Amur Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone incei 121
20.5 伯劳科Laniidae (Shrikes) 121
虎纹伯劳 Tiger Shrike Lanius tigrinus 122
牛头伯劳指名亚种 Bull-headed Shrike Lanius bucephalus bucephalus 122
红尾伯劳 Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus 123
指名亚种 Lanius cristatus cristatus 123
普通亚种 L.c.lucionensis 123
日本亚种 L.c.superciliosus 123
棕背伯劳指名亚种 Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach schach 124
灰伯劳东北亚种 Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor mollis 125
楔尾伯劳指名亚种 Chinese Grey Shrike Lanius sphenocercus sphenocercus 125
20.6 鸦科Corvidae (Crows,Jays) 126
灰喜鹊华北亚种 Azure-winged Magpie Cyanopica cyanus interposita 126
喜鹊普通亚种 Common Magpie Pica pica serica 127
达乌里寒鸦 Daurian Jackdaw Corvus dauuricus 127
秃鼻乌鸦普通亚种 Rook Corvus frugilegus pastinator 128
小嘴乌鸦普通亚种 Carrion Crow Corvus corone orientalis 129
白颈鸦 Collared Crow Corvus pectoralis 129
大嘴乌鸦普通亚种 Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos colonorum 130
20.7 山雀科 Paridae (Tits) 130
黄腹山雀 Yellow-bellied Tit Pardaliparus venustulus 130
沼泽山雀华北亚种 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris hellmayri 131
大山雀 Cinereous Tit Parus cinereus 131
华北亚种 P.c.minor 132
华南亚种 Parus cinereus commixtus 132
20.8 攀雀科Remizidae (Penduline Tits) 132
中华攀雀 Chinese Penduline Tit Remiz consobrinus 132
20.9 百灵科Alaudidae (Larks) 133
凤头百灵东北亚种 Crested Lark Galerida cristata leautungensis 133
云雀东北亚种 Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis intermedia 134
小云雀长江亚种 Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula weigoldi 134
20.10 扇尾莺科Cisticolidae (Cisticolas) 135
棕扇尾莺普通亚种 Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis tinnabulans 135
纯色山鹪莺华南亚种 Plain Prinia Prinia inornata extensicauda 136
20.11 苇莺科 Acrocephalidae (Reed Warblers) 136
东方大苇莺 Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orientalis 136
黑眉苇莺 Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps 137
厚嘴苇莺东北亚种 Thick-billed Warbler Arundinax aedon rufescens 138
20.12 蝗莺科Locustellidae (Bush Warblers and Grasshopper Warblers) 138
小蝗莺指名亚种 Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola certhiola 138
20.13 燕科Hirundinidae (Martins and Swallows) 139
家燕普通亚种 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica gutturalis 139
金腰燕普通亚种 Red-rumped swallow Cecropis daurica japonica 140
西南亚种 Cecropis daurica nipalensis 140
20.14 鹎科Pycnonotidae (Bulbuls) 141
领雀嘴鹎指名亚种 Collared Finchbill Spizixos semitorques semitorques 141
白头鹎指名亚种 Light-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis sinensis 141
20.15 柳莺科Phylloscopidae (Leaf-warblers) 142
褐柳莺指名亚种 Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus fuscatus 143
棕腹柳莺 Buff-throated Warbler Phylloscopus subaffinis 143
棕眉柳莺指名亚种 Yellow-streaked Warbler Phylloscopus armandii armandii 144
巨嘴柳莺 Radde’s Warbler Phylloscopus schwarzi 144
黄腰柳莺 Pallas’s Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus proregulus 145
黄眉柳莺 Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus 145
极北柳莺指名亚种 Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis borealis 146
20.16 树莺科Cettiidae (Bush Warblers) 146
远东树莺东北亚种 Manchurian Bush Warbler Horornis canturianus borealis 146
20.17 长尾山雀科Aegithalidae (Long-tailed Tits) 147
银喉长尾山雀华北亚种 Silver-throated Bushtit Aegithalos glaucogularis vinaceus 147
20.18 莺鹛科Sylviidae (Old World Warblers and Parrotbills) 148
山鹛指名亚种 Chinese Hill Babbler Rhopophilus pekinensis pekinensis 148
棕头鸦雀河北亚种 Vinous-throated Parrotbill Sinosuthora webbiana fulvicauda 148
震旦鸦雀蒙古亚种 Reed Parrotbill Paradoxornis heudei mongolicus 149
20.19 绣眼鸟科Zosteropidae (White-eyes and Yuhinas) 150
红胁绣眼鸟 Chestnut-flanked White-eye Zosterops erythropleurus 150
暗绿绣眼鸟普通亚种 Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus simplex 150
20.20 噪鹛科Leiothrichidae (Loughingthrushes and Allies) 151
画眉指名亚种 Hwamei Garrulax canorus canorus 151
黑脸噪鹛 Masked Laughingthrush Garrulax perspicillatus 152
20.21 旋木雀科Certhiidae (Treecreepers) 152
欧亚旋木雀北方亚种 Eurasian Treecreeper Certhia familiaris daurica 152
20.22 ？科 Sittidae (Nuthatches) 153
普通华东亚种 Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea sinensis 153
20.23 鹪鹩科Troglodytidae (Wrens) 153
鹪鹩普通亚种 Eurasian Wren Troglodytes troglodytes idius 153
20.24 河乌科Cinclidae (Dippers) 154
褐河乌指名亚种 Brown Dipper Cinclus pallasii pallasii 154
20.25 椋鸟科Sturnidae (Starlings) 155
八哥指名亚种 Crested Myna Acridotheres cristatellus cristatellus 155
丝光椋鸟 Silky Starling Spodiopsar sericeus 156
灰椋鸟 White-cheeked Starling Spodiopsar cineraceus 156
北椋鸟 Daurian Starling Agropsar sturninus 157
紫翅椋鸟北疆亚种 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris poltaratskyi 157
20.26 鸫科Turdidae (Thrushes) 158
橙头地鸫安徽亚种 Orange-headed Thrush Geokichla citrina courtoisi 158
白眉地鸫指名亚种 Siberian Thrush
Geokichla sibirica sibirica 159
虎斑地鸫指名亚种 White’s Thrush Zoothera aurea aurea 159
灰背鸫 Grey-backed Thrush Turdus hortulorum 160
乌鸫指名亚种 Chinese Blackbird Turdus mandarinus mandarinus 160
白眉鸫 Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus 161
白腹鸫 Pale Thrush Turdus pallidus 162
赤颈鸫 Red-throated Thrush Turdus ruficollis 162
红尾斑鸫 Naumann’s Thrush Turdus naumanni 163
斑鸫 Dusky Thrush Turdus eunomus 163
20.27 鹟科 Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers,Robins,Redstarts) 164
红尾歌鸲 Rufous-tailed Robin Larvivora sibilans 165
蓝歌鸲指名亚种 Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane cyane 165
红喉歌鸲 Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope 166
蓝喉歌鸲指名亚种 Bluethroat Luscinia svecica svecica 166
红胁蓝尾鸲 Orange-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus 167
蓝额红尾鸲 Blue-fronted Redstart Phoenicuropsis frontalis 167
北红尾鸲指名亚种 Daurian Redstart Phoenicurus auroreus auroreus 168
黑喉石东北亚种 Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus stejnegeri 169
蓝矶鸫华北亚种 Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius philippensis 169
白喉矶鸫 White-throated Rock Thrush Monticola gularis 170
乌鹟指名亚种 Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica sibirica 171
北灰鹟指名亚种 Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica dauurica 171
白眉姬鹟 Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia 172
鸲姬鹟 Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki 172
红喉姬鹟 Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla 173
白腹蓝鹟指名亚种 Blue-and-white Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana cyanomelana 174
白腹暗蓝鹟 Zappey’ s Flycatcher Cyanoptila cumatilis 174
20.28 戴菊科 Regulidae (Goldcrests) 175
戴菊东北亚种 Goldcrest Regulus regulus japonensis 175
20.29 太平鸟科Bombycillidae (Waxwings) 175
太平鸟普通亚种 Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus centralasiae 175
小太平鸟 Japanese Waxwing Bombycilla japonica 176
20.30 岩鹨科Prunellidae (Accentors) 177
棕眉山岩鹨指名亚种 Siberian Accentor Prunella montanella montanella 177
20.31 梅花雀科Estrildidae (Waxbills and Allies) 177
白腰文鸟华南亚种 White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata swinhoei 177
20.32 雀科Passeridae (Old World Sparrows) 178
山麻雀普通亚种 Russet Sparrow Passer cinnamomeus rutilans 178
麻雀普通亚种 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus saturatus 179
20.33 鹡鸰科Motacillidae (Wagtails,Pipits) 179
山鹡鸰 Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus 180
西黄鹡鸰 Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava 181
黄鹡鸰 Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutchensis 181
东北亚种 M.t.macronyx,M.flava macronyx 182
台湾亚种 M.t.taivana 182
黄头鹡鸰指名亚种 Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola citreola 182
灰鹡鸰普通亚种 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea robusta 182
白鹡鸰 White Wagtail Motacilla alba 183
东北亚种 Motacilla alba baicalensis 183
灰背眼纹亚种 Motacilla alba ocularis 184
黑背眼纹亚种 Motacilla alba lugens 184
黑背鹡鸰 Motacilla lugens 184
田鹨指名亚种 Richard’s Pipit Anthus richardi richard 184
树鹨东北亚种 Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni yunnanensis 185
北鹨指名亚种 Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi gustavi 185
红喉鹨 Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus 186
黄腹鹨东北亚种 Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens japonicus 186
水鹨中亚亚种 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta coutellii 187
山鹨 Upland Pipit Anthus sylvanus 187
20.34 燕雀科Fringillidae (Finches and Allies) 188
燕雀 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla 188
黄颈拟蜡嘴雀 Collared Grosbeak Mycerobas affinis 189
锡嘴雀指名亚种 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes coccothraustes 189
黑尾蜡嘴雀指名亚种 Chinese Grosbeak Eophona migratoria migratoria 190
黑头蜡嘴雀东北亚种 Japanese Grosbeak Eophona personata magnirostris 191
红腹灰雀 Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula 191
红腹东北亚种 P.p.cassini 192
灰腹亚种 P.p.griseiventris 192
普通朱雀普通亚种 Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus roseatus 192
黄雀 Eurasian Siskin Spinus spinus 193
金翅雀指名亚种 Grey-capped Greenfinch Chloris sinica sinica 194
20.35 铁爪鹀科 Calcariidae (Longspur,Sonw Bunting) 194
铁爪鹀东北亚种 Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus coloratus 194
20.36 鹀科Emberizidae (Old World Buntings) 195
三道眉草鹀普通亚种 Meadow Bunting Emberiza cioides castaneiceps 196
白眉鹀 Tristram’s Bunting Emberiza tristrami 196
栗耳鹀指名亚种 Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata fucata 197
小鹀 Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla 197
黄眉鹀 Yellow-browed Bunting Emberiza chrysophrys 198
田鹀指名亚种 Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica rustica 199
黄喉鹀东北亚种 Yellow-throated Bunting Emberiza elegans ticehursti 199
黄胸鹀指名亚种 Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola aureola 200
栗鹀 Chestnut Bunting Emberiza rutila 200
灰头鹀指名亚种 Black-faced Bunting Emberiza spodocephala spodocephala 201
苇鹀东北亚种 Pallas’s Bunting Emberiza pallasi polaris 201
芦鹀 Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus 202
东北亚种 E.s.minor 202
疆西亚种 E.s.pallidior 202
尚需研究确证的南四湖地区鸟类 203
参考文献 205
附录1 学名索引 207
附录2 英文名索引 212
附录3 中文名索引 216
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